Table 1 Baseline sociodemographic characteristics and CGM metrics of the total sample (N = 110) and for the insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant groups separately.

From: Impact of blood glucose on cognitive function in insulin resistance: novel insights from ambulatory assessment

 

All (N = 110)

Insulin-sensitive (n = 57)

Insulin-resistant (n = 53)

P valuea,b

Sex, n

 Female

65 (59.1)

32 (56.1)

33 (62.3)

0.563

 Male

45 (40.9)

25 (43.9)

20 (37.7)

 

Age, years

48.7 ± 14.3

45.4 ± 15.2

52.3 ± 12.4

0.009

Education, years

15.6 ± 2.9

16.3 ± 2.4

14.8 ± 3.2

0.019

BMI, kg/m2

28.5 ± 6.1

24.7 ± 2.7

32.7 ± 6.1

0.000

 BMI ≤ 24.9

39 (35.5)

34 (59.6)

5 (9.4)

0.000

 BMI 25 to 29.9

36 (32.7)

20 (35.1)

16 (30.2)

 

 BMI ≥ 30

35 (31.8)

3 (5.3)

32 (60.4)

 

Waist circumference, cm

97.1 ± 15.9

87.7 ± 11.2

107.3 ± 13.9

0.000

CRP, mg/dl

0.1 [0.05–0.24]

0.05 [0.04–0.11]

0.19 [0.09–0.43]

0.000

HbA1c, mmol/mol

37 ± 4.4

34 ± 3.3

39 ± 5.5

0.000

HOMA-IR

2.7 ± 2.3

1.2 ± 0.4

4.3 ± 2.4

0.000

Untreated type 2 diabetes, n

4 (3.6)

0 (0)

4 (7.5)

0.051

CGM metrics

 MAGE

39.8 ± 13.1

35.9 ± 8.6

44.0 ± 15.7

0.004

 Mean SG, mg/dl

95.3 ± 11.5

91.6 ± 7.3

99.2 ± 13.8

0.001

 Glucose variability (CV), %

16.5 ± 3.8

15.8 ± 3.2

17.2 ± 4.3

0.038

 SD, mg/dl

15.7 ± 4.5

14.4 ± 2.7

17.2 ± 5.5

0.004

  1. BMI body mass index, CGM continuous glucose monitoring, CRP C-reactive protein, CV coefficient of variation (glucose variability), EMA ecological ambulatory assessment, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, MAGE mean amplitude of glucose excursions, SD standard deviation, SG sensor glucose.
  2. Data are means ± SD, median [Interquartile range], or n (%).
  3. aFisher exact test for categorical variables.
  4. bMann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.
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