Fig. 1: Effects of 18 h ADF on pubertal development in normal weight mice.

a Cumulative percentage of VO; b Average age at puberty onset (indicated by VO); c–e Body weight at P34 and P40; f–h Body length at P34 and P40; i–k Uterine weight at P34 and P40; l–n Ovarian weight at P34 and P40. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and p-values were calculated using the unpaired Student’s t test and the Mann–Whitney test. Each data point corresponds to an individual mouse. PND Postnatal days. The data represent three separate experiments.