Fig. 1: Linear associations between dietary fiber types and metabolic outcomes in the acarbose group.

Linear associations of total fiber with HOMA-β (A) and 2hPPG (B); whole grain fiber with HOMA-β (C), 2hPPG (D), and WBISI (E); fruit fiber with DBP (F), TC (G) and LDL-C (H) and vegetable fiber with DBP (I) in acarbose group. Abbreviations: DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 2hPPG 2-h postprandial plasma glucose, HOMA-β homeostasis model assessment of β cell function, WBISI whole body insulin sensitivity index. For linear regression, adjustments were made for fixed effects such as the duration of intervention, duration of diabetes, sex, age, and total energy intake. Additionally, the center and individual were adjusted as random effects.