Fig. 4

Tumourigenicity, proliferative and invasive capacity of reprogrammed PDAC cells in vitro. a Cell proliferation of parental and reprogrammed PDAC-247 cells during 5 days after plating; * P ≤ 0.05; n = 3; mean ± SD. b Sphere formation efficiency in first- and second-generation of parental and reprogrammed PDAC-247 cells. Quantification (left) and representative pictures (right); *P < 0.05; n = 3. c Cells were seeded onto the filters of 0.8 µm pore transwells coated with Matrigel and after 16h transmigrated cells were stained with Crystal Violet and quantified. Photos are representative of one of three performed experiments; scale bar: 100 µm, (right). Quantification of cell invasion; *P < 0.05, n = 3, mean ± SD, (left). d Expression of EMT markers in parental and reprogrammed 247 cells by real-time PCR. Gene expression levels were normalized to bACTIN; *p ≤ 0.0001, mean ± SD; n = 3