Fig. 1: Proteomic analysis summary for the PME in patients with HCC.

A Box plots of number of proteins identified in normal (pink, n = 34) and peritumor (blue, n = 61) liver tissues. B Comparison of the number of proteins identified in peritumor tissues grouped by survival time, AFP level, Cirrhosis stage, maximum tumor diameter and single or multiple tumors. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. C Volcano plot displaying differentially expressed proteins in the PME with P < 0.05 (Student’s t test). D Heatmap of significantly differentially expressed proteins. Each column represents one independent sample, and rows represents different proteins. Colors represent the protein expression level in the sample. E Signaling pathways involved by altered expression of proteins in peritumor group. The abscissa is -log10 (the P value enriched in the pathway). Red lines mean up-regulation, blue lines mean down-regulation. F Abnormal activation of glycolytic metabolic pathways (N, normal; H, peritumor), the shading represents the abundance of protein in each group. (G–P) Differential expression of key regulatory proteins involved in glycolytic metabolic pathways. Data are presented as the mean ± SD.