Fig. 1: Increased EVs secretion with proteins in platinum-resistant HGSOC.

A Image Stream Flow Cytometry (ISF) demonstrating the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) using Exo-quick kit and SEC column in patient serum with platinum-sensitive (PS) and platinum-esistant (PR) high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). B ISF-based quantification of EVs in both PS and PR HGSOC patient serum samples (n = 6, *p < 0.01). C Protein analysis of EVs from platinum-sensitive (PS) and platinum-resistant (PR) HGSOC patient serum samples using LC-MS/MS (n = 6). Candidate proteins were selected based on differential expression with statistical significance (p* < 0.05) in PR-HGSOC compared to PS patients. D EVs isolation by ultracentrifugation in PS and PR cells and ISF-based quantification of EVs in PS (PEOC1) and PR (PEOC4) patient derived cell lines (n = 5, p < 0.04). E Confirmation of selected candidate protein expression by western blot in two distinct patient-derived cell lines representing PS (PEOC1) and PR (PEOC4) phenotypes. F Carboplatin treatment enhances candidate protein expression on the membrane of platinum-resistant HGSOC cells in vitro. A significant increase in the expression of TMEM205, CFH, FAS, STAT3 and CETP in platinum-resistant cells (TR127) following a 24-hour carboplatin treatment, as determined by ELISA (n = 4, *p < 0.05). G Visualization of candidate protein localization in HGSOC platinum-resistant cells (TR127) treated with carboplatin for 24 h, using confocal microscopy.