Fig. 2: Post-transplant immunosuppression and enhanced immune response in UC-related carcinogenesis.

a Immunohistochemical analyses were performed using standard procedures, and the resulting sections were evaluated by a single pathologist in a blinded fashion. Immunocomplexes were detected using the Dako Real Envision System Peroxidase/DAB (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) in sections from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens. The antibodies used for immunohistochemistry are shown in Supplementary Table 3. Representative images from our patient are shown. b We retrospectively enrolled post-transplant CRC patients (PT CRC, n = 8 patients), UC-related CRC patients (UC CRC, n = 10 patients), and sporadic CRC patients (n = 42 patients) and compared their 95% CIs of CD4 and CD8 infiltration to those of our patient, who had post-transplant UC-related CRC (case CRC, n = 1). The expression levels of CD4 and CD8 were measured quantitatively (they were manually counted at 40× magnification in 10 random fields), whereas the expression of the mismatch repair proteins was classified as present or absent (c)