Fig. 2: Brain histology.

a TUNEL histology. There was no difference between whole-brain or regional estimated least-squares mean (LSM) TUNEL-positive cells per mm². b LSM whole-brain and regional cleaved caspase-3 (CC3), GFAP, IBA1-positive cell count, and IBA1 ramification index. Hypothermia reduced CC3 throughout the brain and in the internal capsule, caudate nucleus, and hippocampus. Hypothermia did not alter astrogliosis. Cooling had no effect on the overall microglial number or activation state. There was an increase in microglial activation (lower ramification index) in the caudate with HT. c Representative sections for each stain (TUNEL, CC3, GFAP, and IBA1) from the internal capsule are shown at ×40 magnification. cCTX cingulate cortex, sCTX sensorimotor cortex, HIP hippocampus, PvWM periventricular white matter, IC internal capsule, CAUD caudate, PTMN putamen, THAL thalamus. Data are displayed as analyzed, on a log 10 scale. Error bars represent 95% CI. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.