Table 1 Studies describing the use of NIRS in neonates with CHD.

Validation and characterization of NIRS in CHD (n = 21)

56 [3–73]

5

2

14

1

14

6

0

-Measures of rcSO₂ correlated with low ScvO₂ but correlation was inconsistent at higher thresholds.

-Neonates with CHD had lower rcSO₂ than healthy neonates.

RcSO₂ did not identify hemodynamically unstable neonates with CHD.

-SVP had lower rcSO₂ than TGA.

-Values of rcSO₂ possibly reflected cerebral autoregulation.

-Multiple factors affected rcSO_2.

^{15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35}

NIRS as a predictor of short-term outcomes and adverse events in ICU (n = 6)

109 [10–194]

3

0

3

0

5

0

1

-Values of rcSO₂ below a threshold of 50–56% were associated with worse short-term ICU outcomes.

^{39,40,41,42,43,44}

NIRS as predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome (n = 6)

45 [28–75]

2

0

4

1

3

1

1

-Postoperative rcSO₂ below 45–56% were correlated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at different time-points.

^{45,46,47,48,49,50}

NIRS in correlation with neuroimaging (n = 4)

44 [32–68]

1

0

3

0

4

0

0

-Measurements of rcSO₂ did not correlate with new neuroimaging findings after CHD surgery.

-NIRS may correlate with ASL.

^51,52,53,54