Fig. 4: Biomarker profiles in each enterotype.

a Fecal metabolites. b Fecal cytokines. c SCFAs. d sIgA and calprotectin. The Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn–Bonferroni post-hoc tests were applied to compare each enterotype group; *p < 0.05 indicates statistical significance. AUC area under the curve, SCFA short-chain fatty acids, sIgA secretory immunoglobulin A.