Fig. 4

a–f Inhibitory effect of the nanosystem on cell proliferation. EdU assay results showing the inhibition of cell proliferation by various drugs. a–c The nuclei of all cells were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue); only proliferating cells were stained by Alexa Fluor 488 (green). The results were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy (×200), Scale bars represent 100 μm. d–f The proliferation rates of PC-9, PC-9-GR and H1975 cells treated with CsA-NPs (1, 1, 1 μM), Gef-NPs (1, 20, 10 μM) and CsA/Gef-NPs (1 + 1, 1 + 20, 1 + 10 μM) were quantified and plotted. g–i CsA sensitized NSCLC cells to Gef when co-delivered by NPs via the inhibition of STAT3/Bcl-2. The expression levels of p-STAT3, t-STAT3, and Bcl-2 were examined by western blotting using PC-9, PC-9-GR, and H1975 cell lysates after treatment with Gef-NPs, CsA-NPs, or CsA/Gef-NPs for 48 h. c-PARP, an apoptosis marker, was also detected by immunoblotting