Fig. 2

Drug internalization and microtubule disruption by C-DVM. a Representative micrographs of cellular uptake of D in D + V group and (b) C-DVM group at 1, 3, and 6 h incubation. Red symbolized the doxorubicin. DAPI stains nucleus (blue), scale bar represents 20 μm. c–d Quantification of cellular uptake and percentage of D in D + V and C-DVM groups. e Effects on the microtubule network in C-DVM and other groups, scale bar represents 7.5 μm. f Quantification of tubulin fluorescence in C-DVM and other groups. Nucleus and tubulin were stained with DAPI (blue) and Alexa Fluor 488-labeled anti-tubulin antibody (green), respectively. Data were presented as mean ± SD (n = 3), ^*P < 0.05 vs D + V group