Fig. 2

Activated T cells effectively induce apoptosis and inhibit the suppressive function of MDSCs in vitro. a CD34+ progenitor cells isolated from cord blood were treated with GM-CSF and G-CSF for 3 days to induce MDSCs and then cocultured with resting T cells (R. T) or activated T cells (Act. T) at different ratios. b, c FACS analysis of MDSCs cultured in medium or with activated T cells directly or in a Transwell system at a ratio of 1 : 1 (for Annexin V detection) or 8 : 1 (for M-CSFR detection) for 3 days. d–g MDSCs were treated with 10% supernatant from rest T cells (RSN) or activated T cells (ASN) for 3 days. The expression of M-CSFR, Ki-67 (d) and ARG-1 (e), and the suppression capacity (f) and maturity (g) of MDSCs was monitored. The data are representative of three independent experiments (a–c, d (right), e–g) or ten independent experiments (d, left). The data are shown as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001