Fig. 2: r-hirudin and DTIP inhibit VM formation of A549 and Lewis cells in vitro. | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 2: r-hirudin and DTIP inhibit VM formation of A549 and Lewis cells in vitro.

From: Thrombin is a therapeutic target for non-small-cell lung cancer to inhibit vasculogenic mimicry formation

Fig. 2

a, b A549 and Lewis cells were pretreated with PBS, 10 nmol/L thrombin, 25 nmol/L r-hirudin, 50 nmol/L DTIP, 10 nmol/L thrombin+25 nmol/L r-hirudin, or 10 nmol/L thrombin+50 nmol/L DTIP, and VM-like network formation on Matrigel in different groups was examined. Left, representative photographs of experiments. Right, quantification of the inhibitory activity of r-hirudin and DTIP on VM tube formation. c The effect of thrombin, r-hirudin and DTIP on the expression of snail and other EMT markers was determined by western blotting analysis. GAPDH was used as the loading control. The summarized western blot data for EMT markers are given (bottom). d Different groups were probed for phosphorylated p65, phosphorylated IκBα and total p65 and IκBα. GAPDH was used as the loading control. Right, summarized western blot data. e The expression of snail and other EMT markers in different groups was determined by western blotting analysis. Right, the summarized western blot data for EMT markers. All the results are expressed as the mean ± SD. The error bars indicate the SD. ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test was applied for multiple comparisons. *p < 0.05

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