Fig. 6

The combination treatment suppresses tumor growth in an in vivo xenograft model. U251 cells were injected subcutaneously, and after the tumor volumes reached 100 mm3, mice were divided into the following treatment groups (n = 6 animals/group): vehicle, metformin (100 mg/kg), abemaciclib (45 mg/kg), or the combination of metformin and abemaciclib. Animals were treated every day for 14 days by oral gavage. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001, and ****P < 0.00001 (two-way ANOVA). a Representative images of xenograft tumors. b Weights of xenograft tumors after dissection. c Plots of tumor volumes over 14 days of treatment. d Immunohistochemical staining with mTOR and phospho-mTOR antibodies was performed on the xenografts