Fig. 4
From: Application of 3D bioprinting in the prevention and the therapy for human diseases

Microfluidic-based human organs-on-chips applied in the study of infectious diseases. a Liver-on-a-chip for the study of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Adapted from Ortega-Prieto et al.113 b Gut-on-a-chip for the study of Coxsackie B1 Virus (CVB1) infection. Adapted from Villenave et al.115 c Vascular endothelium barrier-on-a-chip for evaluating the effect of Ebola virus-like particle (VLP) on vascular integrity. White arrows indicate remodeling of F-actin. Adapted from Junaid et al.116