Table 1 3D bioprinting for engineering tissues and its application to high-throughput screening platforms

Skin

Inkjet

N/A

Primary human epidermal keratinocytes

¹¹⁹

Extrusion

Skin-derived ECM with fibrinogen

Human dermal fibroblast

Extrusion

Adipose-derived ECM with fibrinogen

Preadipocyte

Extrusion

Thrombin‐embedded 10% gelatin

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)

Cornea

Extrusion

Cornea-derived ECM

Pre-differentiated keratocytes

^64,120

Airway

Stereolithography

Tracheal mucosa-derived ECM (tmdECM)

N/A

¹²¹

Airway-on-a-chip

Extrusion

tmdECM

Endothelial cells or fibroblasts

¹²²

Nervous system

Micro-extrusion

N/A

Hippocampal neurons, the superior cervical ganglia neurons, and the peripheral nerve components using Schwann cells and epithelial cells.

¹²³

Central nerve

Extrusion

N/A

Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived spinal neuronal progenitor cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

¹²⁴

Vessel

Extrusion

Vascular-derived ECM with alginate

HUVEC

¹²⁵

Vessel network

Extrusion

Gelatin, fibrinogen with transglutaminase

Human neonatal dermal fibroblasts, and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

⁴²

Liver

Extrusion

Collagen

HepG2

²⁷

Gelatin

HUVEC

Lung

Stereolithography

PEGDA

N/A

⁸⁷

Pancreas

Extrusion

Pancreas-derived ECM

Human islet

¹²⁹

Kidney

Extrusion

Gelatin, fibrinogen with transglutaminase and calcium chloride

Human neonatal dermal fibroblasts

¹³⁰

Extrusion

Gelatin, fibrinogen with transglutaminase and calcium chloride

N/A

¹³¹

Extrusion

Kidney-derived ECM

Renal tubular epithelial and endothelial cells

¹³²

Intestine

Extrusion

N/A

Human placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-PMSC), U87 MG human glioblastoma cells (U87), or human intestinal smooth muscle cells (h-ISMC)

¹³³

Liver

Inkjet

N/A

HepG2

¹³⁴

N/A

HUVECs