Fig. 6 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 6

From: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes immunodeficiency in recovered patients by downregulating CD19 expression in B cells via enhancing B-cell metabolism

Fig. 6

SARS-CoV-2 infection inhibits the early activation of CD19 in B cells. Naive (CD27−) and memory (CD27+) B cells from COVID-19 recovered patients and healthy controls were activated with 10 µg/ml AF546–mB-Fab′–anti-Ig tethered to lipid bilayers at 37 °C for 3, 5 and 7 min. Then cells were fixed, permeabilized, and stained with Alexa Fluor 647 anti-CD27 and anti-pCD19 (a, b), followed by Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG. Cells were analyzed by Tirf microscope. Shown are representative images and the MFI of pCD19 (c) in the contact zone from three independent experiments. Scale bars, 2.5 μm. Statistical evaluation was performed using the two-tailed Student’s t-test. Statistical significance is indicated using asterisks: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001

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