Table 1 Exosomal ncRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers in human diseases
From: Roles and mechanisms of exosomal non-coding RNAs in human health and diseases
Diseases | Cargoes | Expression | Effects | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lung cancer | miR-23a | ↑ | Inducing phenotypic changes, increasing vascular permeability and cancer migration | |
miR-126 | ↑ | Inducing loss of malignancy of NSCLC cells | ||
miR-193a-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-5100 | ↑ | Activating STAT3 signaling and increasing the expression of mesenchymal related molecules | ||
miR-499a-5p | ↑ | Promoting cell proliferation, migration and EMT | ||
GAS5 | ↑ | Function as an ideal noninvasive biomarker for NSCLC | ||
SOX2-OT | ↑ | Serving as a promising non-invasive plasma-based tumor biomarker for LSCC | ||
circSATB2 | ↑ | Acting as a biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC | ||
circ-0007761, circ-0047921, circ-0056285 | ↑ | Acting as promising biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis | ||
BC | miR-9 | ↑ | Inducing tumor growth | |
miR-10b | ↑ | Modulating tumor microenvironment | ||
miR-1246 | ↑ | Regulating breast tumor progression | ||
miR-20a-5p | ↑ | Inducing proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts | ||
miR-134 | ↓ | Acting as a potential biomarker for BC | ||
MALAT1 | ↑ | Inducing BC progression | ||
H19 | ↑ | Acting as a biomarker for the diagnosis of BC | ||
circHIF1A | ↑ | Regulating stem cell properties of BC | ||
HCC | miR-10b-5p | ↑ | Acting as a biomarker for early-stage HCC | |
miR-125b | ↓ | Associated with tumor number, encapsulation, and TNM stage | ||
miR-18a, miR-221, miR-222, miR-224 | ↑ | Function as novel serological biomarkers for HCC | ||
miR-101, miR-106b, miR-122, miR-195 | ↓ | |||
FAL1 | ↑ | Promoting cell proliferation and metastasis | ||
H19 | ↑ | Promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | ||
LINC00161 | ↑ | Serving as a novel biomarker for HCC | ||
HEIH | ↑ | Serving as a novel biomarker for HCC | ||
SENP3-EIF4A1 | ↓ | Inducing tumor growth | ||
FAM138B | ↓ | Inhibiting HCC growth | ||
circUHRF1 | ↑ | Inducing immunosuppression | ||
CRC | miR-1229, miR-1246, miR-150, miR-21, miR-223, miR-23a | ↑ | Promising biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of CRC | |
miR-23a, miR-301a | ↑ | Promising biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of CRC | ||
miR-6803-5p | ↑ | Serving as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker | ||
LINC02418 | ↑ | Inducing tumorigenesis | ||
NNT-AS1 | ↑ | Inducing the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells | 578 | |
LINC02418 | ↑ | Involvement in CRC tumorigenesis | ||
CCAT2 | ↑ | Serving as a novel potential predictor in CRC | ||
LNCV6-116109, LNCV6-98390, LNCV6-38772, LNCV-108266, LNCV6-84003, LNCV6-98602 | ↑ | Serving as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of CRC | ||
circPACRGL | ↑ | Inducing cell proliferation, migration and invasion | ||
circFMN2 | ↑ | Mediating cell proliferation and migration | ||
hsa-circ-0004771 | ↑ | Serving as a novel diagnostic biomarker of CRC | ||
GC | miR-34 | ↓ | Inducing GC cell proliferation and invasion and tumor growth | |
miR-1246 | ↑ | Serving as potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of GC | ||
miR-1290 | ↑ | Inducing GC cell proliferation and invasion | ||
UEGC1 | ↑ | Acting as a promising biomarker in the development of GC | ||
GC1 | ↑ | Serving as a noninvasive biomarker for detecting early-stage GC | ||
lnc-SLC2A12-10:1 | ↑ | Serving as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of GC | ||
CEBPA-AS1 | ↑ | Promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and inducing GC progression | ||
lnc-GNAQ-6:1 | ↓ | Serving as a potential biomarker for the detection of GC | ||
circNEK9 | ↑ | Promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells | ||
circ29 | ↑ | Involved in the occurrence and development of GC | ||
has-circ-0065149 | ↓ | Acting as a novel biomarker for diagnosis | ||
PCa | miR-141 | ↑ | Function as a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of metastatic PCa | |
circ-0044516 | ↑ | Inducing tumor cell metastasis | ||
T2DM | miR-20b-5p | ↑ | Attenuating insulin-stimulated glycogen accumulation | |
Obesity | miR-26a | ↓ | Inversely correlated with BMI | |
MetS | MALAT1 | ↓ | Serving as a potential epigenetic biomarker of diabetes risk or MetS | |
OP | miR-214 | ↑ | Repressing osteoblasts activity | |
hsa-circ-0006859 | ↑ | Serving as a high sensitivity and specificity biomarker | ||
Hypertension | miR-155-5p | ↓ | Promoting VSMCs proliferation and vascular remodeling | |
miR-27a | ↑ | Promoting vasodilation and causing hypertension | ||
miR-425-5p, miR-17-5p | ↑ | Potentially serving as biomarkers | ||
miR-17 | ↓ | Promoting ECs inflammation | ||
AS | miR-223 | ↑ | Inhibiting inflammation and VSMCs proliferation | |
miR-92a | ↑ | Promoting ECs inflammation and the formation of atherosclerotic plaque | ||
miR-342-5p | ↑ | Promoting H2O2-induced ECs apoptosis | ||
miR-155 | ↑ | Inhibiting ECs proliferation and migration | ||
miR-21-3p | ↑ | Promoting VSMCs proliferation and migration | ||
miR-106a-3p | ↑ | Promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis in VSMCs | ||
GAS5 | ↑ | Promoting the apoptosis of macrophages and ECs | ||
MALAT1 | ↑ | Promoting the M2 macrophage polarization, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in neutrophils | ||
circRNA-0006896 | ↑ | Promoting proliferation and migration of ECs | ||
AMI | miR-125b | ↑ | Ameliorating cardiomyocytes apoptosis and facilitating ischemic cardiac repair | |
miR-22 | ↑ | Inhibiting apoptosis of cardiomyocytes | ||
miR-301 | ↑ | Inhibiting myocardial autophagy | ||
miR-25-3p | ↑ | Reducing myocardial apoptosis and inflammation | ||
miR-144 | ↑ | Ameliorating hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis | ||
miR-146a | ↑ | Inhibiting myocardial apoptosis, inflammatory response, and fibrosis | ||
MALAT1 | ↑ | Enhancing neovascularization | ||
H19 | ↓ | Reducing infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis | ||
lncAK139128 | ↓ | Promoting the apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cardiac fibroblasts | ||
HF | miR-425, miR-744 | ↓ | Protecting against myocardial remodeling | |
AF | miR-320d | ↓ | Promoting viability and inhibiting apoptosis of cardiomyocytes | |
miR-107 | ↑ | Suppressing viability and migration of ECs, enhancing cell apoptosis | ||
AD | miR-34a | ↑ | Promoting amyloid processing of APP | |
miR-141-3p | ↑ | Damaging the antioxidant defense system and up-regulating oxidative stress | ||
miR125b-5p | ↑ | Promoting neuronal apoptosis and Tau phosphorylation | ||
PD | let-7 | ↑ | Leading to neurodegenerative changes | |
RA | miR-548a-3p | ↓ | Regulating macrophage mediated inflammation | |
Hotair | ↑ | Inducing an immune response | ||
SLE | miR-155 | ↑ | Regulating autoimmune inflammation in SLE | |
miR-21 | ↑ | Inducing the production of type I interferon | ||
Pneumonia | miR-155 | ↑ | Promoting inflammation and proliferation | |
miR-371b-5p | ↑ | Promoting proliferation and re-epithelialization of injured alveoli | ||
miR-221/222 | ↑ | Promoting epithelial cell proliferation | ||
miR-223/142 | ↑ | Inhibiting LPS-induced lung inflammation | ||
miR-103a-3p | ↓ | Inhibiting inflammation | ||
Viral hepatitis | miR-221-3p, miR-25-3p | ↑ | Associated with liver fibrosis and inflammation | |
miR-372-3, miR-10a-5p | ↓ | Associated with liver fibrosis and inflammation | ||
miR-19a | ↑ | Promoting liver fibrosis |
