Fig. 4
From: Signaling pathways and targeted therapy for myocardial infarction
a Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and targeted therapy post MI. NRF2/HO-1 plays a crucial role in combating various oxidative stress responses and heart remodeling after MI. It exists in almost all kinds of cells in the body to maintain homeostasis and reduce oxidative stress. In addition, this pathway also plays an important role in stem cell therapy of MI and prognosis prediction of MI. KEAP1 kelch like ECH associated protein 1, NRF2 nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2, HO-1 heme oxygenase-1, ARE antioxidant responsive element, ROS reactive oxygen species. b RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and targeted therapy post MI. RhoA switches back and forth between inactive GDP state and active GTP state, so as to play its biological role. ROCK is a downstream molecule of Rhoa. They all play a role in fibrosis, ventricular remodeling, and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. Many drugs, including statins, can play their role in treating myocardial infarction by targeting the RhoA/ROCK pathway. RhoA Ras homolog family member A, ROCK Rho associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase, HIF-1α hypoxia inducible factor-1α, HMG-CoA hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, GAP GTPase-activating protein, GDI guanine dissociation inhibitor, GDP guanosine diphosphate, GTP guanosine triphosphate, GEF guanine nucleotide exchange factor
