Table 3 Prior researches of antitumor vaccines for small-cell lung cancer cells or patients
From: Signal pathways and precision therapy of small-cell lung cancer
Vaccine name | Target | Adjuvant | Usage and dosage | Targeted patients | Survival | Adverse effects | Phase of trial |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anti-Idiotypic Antibody BEC2 Plus BCG | The ganglioside GD3 expressed on the surface of most SCLC tumors | Bacillus Calmette-Gue ´rin (BCG) | Five intradermal immunizations consisting of 2.5 mg of BEC2 plus BCG (2×107 CFU at first immunization and the dose reduced during the subsequent immunizations) over a 10-week period | Patients achieved PR or CR after initial therapy and without subsequent relapse or progression | OS: 20.5 m | Mild fever and a local skin reaction | / |
patients with limited-disease SCLC after a major response to chemotherapy and chest radiation. | OS: 16.4 m VS 14.3 m | Local skin toxicity, flu-like symptoms, lethargy | III | ||||
1E10 vaccine | Gangliosides having the N-glycolylated sialic acid (NeuGc), sulphated glycolipids and antigens present in lung tumors | Not mentioned | Four biweekly intradermal vaccinations with 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide‑precipitated 1E10 MAb, then other six doses at 28‑day intervals, patients maintained a good performance status were reimmunized. | SCLC patients achieved PR of CR after receiving chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy | 2 with ES-SCLC survived beyond 20 months and 3 with LS-SCLC survived beyond 40 months | Local reaction at the injection site, fever, arthralgia, and cephalea | / |
Synthetic Fucosyl GM1 Conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin | The ganglioside fucosyl GM1 | QS-21 | Three dose levels of fucosyl GM1-KLH conjugate at 30, 10, and 3 µg, with QS-21 100 µg. Vaccinations intradermally on weeks 1, 2, 3,4, 8, and 16. | SCLC, limited or extensive stage, who had completed initial therapy with chemotherapy (and radiation if needed) at least 4, but not more than 12 weeks previously | Injection site reaction, peripheral sensory neuropathy, myalgias, flu-like symptoms, arthralgias, fever, or chills, cough, fatigue | / | |
NP-polySA-KLH | Polysialic acid (polySA) | QS-21 | Vaccinations intradermally with either 10 or 3 μg of NP-polySA-KLH and mixed with 100 μg of QS-21 at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 16. | SCLC patients who had completed initial treatment and had no evidence of disease progression | Median OS 22.9 m | 1 patient with self-limited grade 3 ataxia of unclear etiology | / |
TP53-transfected dendritic cell-based vaccine (Ad.p53-DC) | P53 | Not mentioned | Arm A (observation) arm B (vaccine alone) arm C (vaccine plus all-trans-retinoic acid). Vaccinations intradermally every 2 weeks (three times), and all patients were to receive paclitaxel at progression. | Patients with extensive-stage disease | No statistically significant difference | Fatigue, headache | II |
