Table 4 Prior researches of oncolytic virus for small-cell lung cancer cells or patients

microRNA-modified Coxsackievirus B3

Tumor-suppressive miR-145/miR- 143 target sequences into the viral genome

Injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 1×10⁸ PFU in a volume of 100 µL for 14 days

TP53/RB1-mutant small-cell lung cancer

/

Powerful in destroying TP53/RB1-mutant SCLC, with a negligible toxicity

/

Animal experiment (xenograft model)

MYXV

A modified oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV), Leporipoxvirus, lethal to European rabbit strains but nonpathogenic for other mammals

Injections of vMyx-FLuc (5 × 10⁷ FFU in 50 μl)

Tissue samples from 26 patients with SCLC

/

High efficiency for tumor-specific cytotoxicity in small-cell lung cancer efficient tumor-specific viral replication and cytotoxicity associated with induction of immune cell infiltration

/

Animal experiment

Seneca Valley Virus (SVV-001)

An concolytic picornavirus with tropism for neuroendocrine cancer cell types

Intravenous for patients at 10⁷ for the SCLC patients enrolled

Five patients with SCLC

One patient experienced disease stabilization persisted for ten months and remains alive after more than 3 years

Posttreatment neutralizing antibody titers in small-cell carcinoma patients were higher

flu-like symptoms Including pyrexia, malaise, myalgias, and arthralgias

I

Seneca Valley Virus (NTX-010)

An concolytic picornavirus with tropism for neuroendocrine cancer cell types

Intravenously as a 1-h infusion in 100 mL normal saline as a single dose. Patients in the NTX-010 arm received 10¹¹ vp/kg

Patients with ES-SCLC who did not progress after completion of first-line chemotherapy

Median PFS: 1.7 m VS 1.7 m for treatment and placebo arms, and PFS was shorter in patients with detectable virus versus not detected

No improvement in PFS compared to placebo

flu-like symptoms, diarrhea, fatigue, thrombocytopenia

II