Table 3 The composition and function of the two-component regulatory systems

PilSR

Type IV pili⁴⁶⁰

Twitching and Swimming Motilities

RocS1-RocR-RocA1

CupC fimbriae⁴⁶¹

Biofilm formation/Antibiotic tolerance

FimS-AlgR, KinB-AlgB

Alginate⁴⁶²

Exopolysaccharide alginate synthesis

BfiSR

Rnase G⁴⁶³

Regulation sRNA levels

GacSA, RetS

Exopolysaccharides (Pel, Psl)⁴⁶⁴

Biofilm formation

RcsCB, PvrSR

CupD fimbriae²⁰⁴

Fimbriae assembly/Biofilm formation

BfmSR

Edna⁴⁶⁵

Bacteriophage-mediated lysis and DNA release/Biofilm formation

PprAB

Cup E fimbriae⁴⁶⁶

Fimbriae assembly/Biofilm formation

BqsSR

Rhamnolipid⁴⁶⁷

Quorum sensing-dependent biofilm

FleSR

Flagella⁴⁶⁸

Flagellar biogenesis

FimS-AlgR

Type IV pili⁴⁶⁹

Twitching motility/Biofilm maturation, Surface adhesion/Virulence

PA2573-PA2572

ExoS⁴⁶⁹

Virulence and antibiotic tolerance

TtsSR

CbpE⁴⁷⁰

Specific secretion of the CbpE chitin-binding protein

GtrS-GltR

ToxA⁴⁷¹

The expression of exotoxin A and glucose catabolic enzymes

GacS-LadS-RetS, CsrA/RsmA

Type III secretion^472,473

Virulence/Secretion systems/Biofilm formation, Quorum sensing/Motility

RsmA

Elastase⁴⁷⁴

Pyocyanin, rhamnolipids and elastase production

LadS

ExoU⁴⁷⁵

Virulence and the switch between acute and chronic infections

RocS1-RocR-RocA1

ExoY, ExoT⁴⁷⁶

Biofilm formation

CbrAB

ExoT, ExoS⁴⁷⁷

Metabolism, virulence, and antibiotic resistance

FimS-AlgR

Regulated by PilY1⁴⁶⁹

Virulence