Fig. 5

TAT2-P1&LAH4 enhanced the gene expression and inhibited SARS-CoV-2 variants in vivo. a The luciferase expression in 293 T cells. The pCMV-Luc was packaged by the indicated vectors (TAT2-P1, LAH4, and TAT2-P1:LAH4 = 3: 2, 4:1 or 9:1) and was transfected into 293 T cells (n = 4). b The luciferase expression in mouse lungs (n = 4). The pCMV-Luc was packaged by the indicated vectors and was inoculated to mouse lungs. The expression of luciferase in mouse lungs was detected at 24 h post transfection. c Peptidic nanoparticle sizes of plasmids packaged by the indicated vectors (n = 4). * indicates P < 0.05 and ** indicates P < 0.01. d TAT2-P1&LAH4 could deliver CD3600 to significantly inhibit Omicron (n = 3) variant replication in hamster lungs. One dose of CD3600 was intratracheally inoculated to hamster lungs at 1-day before viral challenge. Viral loads in hamster lungs were measured at 2-day post infection. e TAT2-P1 significantly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 4) in VeroE6 cells. SARS-CoV-2 treated by indicated peptides for plaque reduction assay. PFU (%) was the plaque number of peptide-treated virus normalized to the plaque number of untreated virus. ** indicates P < 0.01. f Two doses of PBS (n = 4), TAT2-P1 (n = 3), TAT2-P1&LAH4 with CD3600 (n = 4) or PHW (n = 3) were given to hamster lungs at 1-day before and 8 h after Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection. g PBS (n = 4) or TAT2-P1&LAH4 with CD3600 (n = 4) were given to hamster lungs at 1-day before and 8 h after Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral loads were measured at 2-day post infection. * indicates P < 0.05 and ** indicates P < 0.01. P values were calculated by the two-tailed Student’s t test