Table 3 FDA-approved drugs for bone diseases
From: Targeting strategies for bone diseases: signaling pathways and clinical studies
Bone disease | Action mechanism | Drug | Drug type | Year of FDA approval | Therapy type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Osteoporosis | ERs agonist | Estrogens, Esterified/Conjugated | Chemical | 1964/1942 | Hormone replacement therapy |
Next-generation transdermal estrogen | 2013 | ||||
Estradiol/Norethindrone Acetate | 2000 | ||||
Estrone sodium sulfate/Sodium equilin sulfate | 2009 | ||||
Sodium estrone sulfate/Sodium equilin sulfate/Medroxyprogesterone acetate | 2009 | ||||
Conjugated Estrogens/Medroxyprogesterone Acetate | 1995 | ||||
SERM | Raloxifene hydrochloride | 1997 | Bone-targeted therapy | ||
Bazedoxifene/Conjugated estrogens | 2013 | ||||
FDPS inhibitor | Zoledronic acid | 2008 | |||
Risedronate sodium | 1998 | ||||
Alendronate Sodium/Cholecalciferol | 2005 | ||||
Alendronate sodium | 1995 | ||||
Osteoclast inhibitor | Ibandronate | 2003 | |||
PTH1R agonist | Abaloparatide | Recombinant polypeptide | 2017 | ||
Teriparatide | 2002 | ||||
SOST inhibitor | Romosozumab | Monoclonal antibody | 2019 | ||
RANKL inhibitor | Denosumab | 2010 | |||
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis | COX inhibitor | Indomethacin | Chemical | 1984 | Disease-modifying therapy |
Fenoprofen Calcium | 1976 | ||||
Naproxen | 1976 | ||||
Naproxen sodium | 1980 | ||||
Piroxicam | 1982 | ||||
Diclofenac sodium | 2007 | ||||
Oxaprozin | 1992 | ||||
Diclofenac sodium/Misoprostol | 1997 | ||||
Celecoxib | 1998 | ||||
Meloxicam | 2000 (OA)/ 2004 (RA) | ||||
Esomeprazole Magnesium/Naproxen | 2010 | ||||
Famotidine/Ibuprofen | 2011 | ||||
GR agonist | Triamcinolone Acetonide | 1960 | |||
Methylprednisolone Acetate | 1959 | ||||
Triamcinolone Acetonide | 1960 | ||||
Osteoarthritis | IL-17A inhibitor | Secukinumab | Monoclonal antibody | 2021 | |
Sodium hyaluronate | Cross-linked sodium hyaluronate injection | Biological drugs | 2007 | ||
Rheumatoid arthritis | DHFR inhibitor | Methotrexate sodium | Chemical | 1953 | |
Methotrexate | 2019 | ||||
JAK inhibitor | Upadacitinib | 2019 | |||
Baricitinib | 2018 | ||||
GR agonist | Methylprednisolone acetate | 1959 | |||
DHODH inhibitor | Leflunomide | 1998 | |||
IKK inhibitor | Auranofin | 1985 | |||
CTGF inhibitor | Penicillamine | 1970 | |||
Immunosuppressant | Azathioprine | 1968 | |||
Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor | Sulfasalazine | 1950 | |||
CD20 inhibitor | Rituximab | Monoclonal antibody | 2006 | ||
IL-6RA antagonist | Sarilumab | 2017 | |||
Tocilizumab | 2010 | ||||
TNF-α inhibitor | Golimumab | 2009 | |||
Certolizumab Pegol | 2009 | ||||
Adalimumab | 2002 | ||||
Infliximab | 1999 | ||||
Etanercept | Fusion protein | 1998 | |||
CD86 and CD80 regulator | Abatacept | 2005 | |||
IL1R1 antagonist | Anakinra | Interleukin | 2001 | ||
Melanocortin receptor agonist | Corticotropin | Synthetic polypeptide | 1950 | ||
Bone tumor | FDPS inhibitor | Pamidronate disodium | Chemical | 2002 | Bone targeted therapy |
Zoledronic acid | 2002 | ||||
TYMS inhibitor | Levofolinate calcium | 2008 | |||
DHFR inhibitor | Methotrexate sodium | 1959 | |||
DNA inhibitor | RADIUM RA-223 DICHLORIDE | 2013 | |||
RANKL inhibitor | Denosumab | Monoclonal antibody | 2010 | ||
Paget disease of bone | FDPS inhibitor | Zoledronic acid | Chemical | 2007 | |
Risedronate sodium | 1998 | ||||
Osteoclast inhibitor | Etidronate disodium | 1977 | |||
CTR agonist | Calcitonin salmon | Synthetic polypeptide | 1975 | ||
Hypophosphatasia | Recombinant ALP | asfotase alfa | Peptide-drug conjugate | 2015 |
