Table 2 Novel TKIs used in cancer therapy and their common cardiovascular side effects

From: Adverse effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy: pathophysiology, mechanisms and clinical management

Drug Class and Name

Molecular target

Common cardiovascular complications

Her2 inhibitors (trastuzumab, pertuzumab, lapatinib, neratinib)

erbB2/HER2

A decline in LVEF, Congestive heart failure

VEGF signaling pathway inhibitors (bevacizumab, ramucirumab, aflibercept)

VEGF-A

Hypertension, Cardiomyopathy

TKI with anti-VEGF activities (sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, vandetanib, regorafinib, cabozatenib, lenvatinib

VEGFR and other kinases e.g. PDGFR

Hypertension

Multi-targeted TKIs (imatinib, dasatinib, ponatinib, nilotinib)

Abl, abl mutant (except T315I), EGFR, PDGFR, SRC, KIT, BRAF, DDR1, DDR2, Ephrin receptor

Vascular events, QTc prolongation, Pulmonary hypertension (with dasatinib)

ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, ceritinib)

ALK

QTc prolongation, Bradycardia

BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib)

BTK

Atrial fibrillation, Ventricular arrhythmia

MEK inhibitors(trametinib)

MEK1/MEK2

Cardiomyopathy

  1. ALK Anaplastic lymphoma kinase, BRAF B-rapid accelerating fibrosarcoma, BTK Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase, EGFR Epidermal Derived Growth Factor Receptor, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, MEK Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, PDGFR Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor, TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, VEGFR Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor
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