Table 3 Immune targeted therapy in GBM clinical trials

From: From signalling pathways to targeted therapies: unravelling glioblastoma’s secrets and harnessing two decades of progress

Therapy

Target

Phase

Indication

No. Patients

Treatment

mOS (weeks)

mPFS (weeks)

PFS6 (%)

Best response to treatment

Ref

PD

SD

PR

CR

Pembrolizumab

Anti-PD-1

Pilot

Recurrent

16 neoadjuvant; 16 adjuvant

Pembrolizumab + surgery

59.6; 32.6

14.2; 10.4

     

410

Nivolumab

Anti-PD-1

III

Newly diagnosed (methylated MGMT)

358

Nivolumab + RT/TMZ

125.7

46.1

     

411

III

Newly diagnosed (unmethylated MGMT)

280

Nivolumab + RT

58.3

26.1

50.5

    

413

III

Recurrent

347

Nivolumab

42.6

6.5

 

107

33

10

2

412

CAR T cell

GD2

I

Recurrent or Progressive

8

GD2-CAR T cells

40

  

3

1

4

0

436

EphA2

Pilot

Recurrent

3

EphA2-CAR T cells

23

 

0

2

1

0

430

EGFRvIII

I

Recurrent

10

EGFRvIII-CAR T cells

35.9

   

9

0

432

EGFRvIII

Pilot

Recurrent

18

EGFRvIII-CAR T cells

30

5.7

 

16

 

0

431

HER2

I

Recurrent

17

HER2-CAR T cells

48.3

15.2

35.3

9

7

1

0

433

IL13Ra2

Pilot

Recurrent

3

IL13(E13Y)-zetakine CAR T cells

47.9

      

435

IL13Ra2

I

Recurrent

1

IL13BBζ–CAR T cells

 

32.6

    

1

434

  1. CAR chimeric antigen receptor, CR complete response, EphA2 ephrin type-A receptor 2, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, IL13Rα2 interleukin 13 receptorα2, mOS median overall survival, mPFS median progression-free survival, PD progressive disease, PFS6 progression free survival at 6 months, PR partial response, SD stable disease
Back to article page