Fig. 3 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Cholangiocarcinoma combined with biliary obstruction: an exosomal circRNA signature for diagnosis and early recurrence monitoring

Fig. 3

Loss-of-function assay of target circRNAs in vitro. hsa-circ-0000367, hsa-circ-0021647, and hsa-circ-0000288 were respectively knocked down by circRNA-specific ASOs (ASO-367, ASO-21647, and ASO-288) in two human primary CCA cell lines. a CCK8 and b clone formation assay and c Edu assay revealed short and long-term attenuation of proliferative activity in CCA cells following ASO transfection. Scale bar: 200 μm. d Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry following ASO treatment. e Loss of target circRNAs attenuates CCA migration and invasion, evaluated by transwell assays. Scale bar: 500 μm. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; \({{\rm{n}}.{\rm{s}}.\atop }{\rm{not}}\;{\rm{significant}}\); (two-way ANOVA with Turkey’s multiple-comparison test for curve comparison; two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test for continuous variables, presented as mean ± SD)

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