Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the training cohort and validation cohort to establish a diagnostic model
Covariates | Training cohort | Validation cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BBO (n = 71) | CCA-BO (n = 113) | P value | BBO (n = 54) | CCA-BO (n = 51) | P value | |
Sex | 0.251 | 0.073 | ||||
Male | 41 (57.7%) | 76 (67.3%) | 29 (53.7%) | 37 (73.5%) | ||
Female | 30 (42.3%) | 37 (32.7%) | 25 (46.3%) | 14 (27.5%) | ||
Age | 52 (41, 59) | 59 (51, 63) | <0.001 | 54 (43, 61) | 62 (52, 66) | 0.002 |
CCA subtypes | NA | NA | ||||
iCCA involving the hepatic hilus | NA | 24 (21.2%) | NA | 10 (19.6%) | ||
pCCA | NA | 53 (46.9%) | NA | 26 (51.0%) | ||
dCCA | NA | 36 (31.9%) | NA | 15 (29.4%) | ||
Benign etiologies | NA | NA | ||||
Bile duct stones | 42 (59.2%) | NA | 32 (59.3%) | NA | ||
Inflammation | 29 (40.8%) | NA | 22 (40.7%) | NA | ||
CA19-9 | 16.8 [7.1, 35.3] | 117.0 [21.3, 537.0] | <0.001 | 15.8 [6.8, 57.7] | 260.0 [54.5, 745.0] | <0.001 |
CEA | 1.8 [1.5, 2.9] | 3.4 [2.0, 7.3] | <0.001 | 1.9 [1.3, 3.1] | 2.7 [1.8, 4.7] | 0.003 |
CA125 | 13.5 [9.7, 17.4] | 21.2 [11.9, 40.7] | 0.002 | 11.9 [9.7, 18.8] | 23.1 [13.8, 59.6] | 0.004 |
AFP | 3.3 [2.4, 4.1] | 3.8 [2.3, 7.0] | 0.125 | 2.6 [2.0, 3.2] | 2.7 [1.7, 3.5] | 0.665 |
TB | 49.9 [36.6, 104.6] | 131.0 [49.6, 252.5] | <0.001 | 29.4 [21.7, 49.8] | 188.4 [103.5, 307.5] | <0.001 |
DB | 31.8 [21.9, 68.6] | 113.1 [40.1, 214.6] | <0.001 | 19.7 [13.9, 37.8] | 157.0 [89.1, 249.2] | <0.001 |
DB/TB | 0.64 [0.57, 0.73] | 0.82 [0.75, 0.89] | <0.001 | 0.68 [0.63, 0.82] | 0.82 [0.77, 0.87] | 0.004 |
ALT | 45 [26, 81] | 67 [41, 120] | <0.001 | 46 [26, 105] | 86 [53, 128] | 0.023 |
AST | 44 [29, 67] | 64 [41, 103] | <0.001 | 47 [29, 91] | 69 [53, 119] | 0.018 |
ALB | 42 (5.4) | 39 (4.3) | <0.001 | 41 (10.4) | 36 (4.4) | 0.003 |
