Fig. 1 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Understanding genetics, sex and signaling: Implications of sex-dependent APOE4-neutrophil-microglia interactions for Alzheimer’s and tauopathies

Fig. 1

Sex-dependent neutrophil-mediated activation of microglia via IL-17F to IL-17RA signaling results in impaired amyloid-beta plaque clearance and enhanced neurodegeneration in female APOE ε3/4 carriers. Left: Physiological activation of microglia towards a neuroprotective and plaque-clearing state (MGnD/DAM microglia) in asymptomatic aged individuals (e.g. APOE ε3/3 genotype or male APOE ε3/4 carriers). Right: Pathological signaling in female APOE ε3/4 carriers of neutrophils to microglia resulting in microglia unable to clear amyloid-beta plaques, which in turn contributes to the formation of dense-core and neuritic plaques, and neurodegeneration. Created with BioRender.com

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