Fig. 5

Histological analysis of the dorsal skin in nude mice after UVB irradiation and EV treatment. a Schematic description of the establishment and treatment of the photoaging model (Created with BioRender.com). b–e Representative images of mouse dorsal skin. From left to right: control group, UVB-exposed groups treated with PBS, AMSC-EV, and HUMSC-EV. f Transepidermal water loss content. n = 5, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. g Representative images of HE staining (top, scale bar, 400 μm; bottom, scale bar, 200 μm). h Epidermal and dermal thickness analysis. n = 6, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. i Representative images of SA-β-gal staining. j Quantitation of SA-β-gal positive cells. n = 6, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001