Fig. 2

Intratumor E. coli therapy promotes OT-I T cell infiltration for augmented tumor control. a Transwell migration assay of OT-I T cells (CFSE-labeled). Representative flow cytometry graphs, and statistical analysis of T cell infiltration relative folds (calculated by bottom well-located OT-I T cells to counting beads ratio, n = 6 biologically independent samples). b Diagram and analysis of the tumor and OT-I T cell (labeled by Cy5) co-culture recruitment assay (n = 5 biologically independent samples). c Serial IVIS images and statistical quantification of Cy5-T cell signals in tumor-bearing mice (n = 5 biologically independent samples). d IVIS images and statistical quantification of Cy5 signals in the harvested tumors post 24-h injection of OT-I T cells (n = 5 biologically independent samples). e Representative flow cytometry graphs of tumor-infiltrating OT-I T cells and statistical analysis of intratumor OT-I T cell fraction in tumor tissues (n = 5 biologically independent animals). f Therapeutic schedule and tumor volume monitoring of the combination therapy of E. coli with OT-I T cells for subcutaneous murine B16F10-OVA treatment (n = 6–8 biologically independent animals). g Therapeutic schedule and tumor volume monitoring of the combination therapy of E. coli with murine anti-hCD19 CAR-T cells for subcutaneous murine Panc02-hCD19 tumor treatment (n = 5 biologically independent animals). Data are shown as mean ± s.d. P values were determined by unpaired, two-tailed t-test for a–e and one-way ANOVA with a Tukey post hoc test for (f) and (g)