Fig. 1

RBDXBB.1.5-HR vaccine induces strong humoral immune response in mice and rats. a The schematic visualization of immunization schedule. NIH mice were intramuscularly immunized three times with PBS, adjuvant and 10 μg of RBDXBB.1.5-HR proteins formulated with MF59-like adjuvant at 0, 3, and 6 weeks, the sera samples were collected at 8 weeks. b Sera RBDXBB.1.5-HR antigen-specific binding antibody titers in mice (n = 6 mice per group). c, d Neutralizing antibodies against a variety of pseudoviruses (c) and several authentic viruses (d) in mice sera samples (n = 6 mice per group). e Neutralizing antibodies against XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5.1 and JN.1 pseudoviruses by sera samples from vaccinated SD rats immunized with 30 μg and 60 μg RBDXBB.1.5-HR vaccine (n = 6 rats per group). pVNT, pseudovirus neutralizing antibody titer, VNT, virus neutralizing antibody titer. Data are shown as geometric mean values accompanied by SD in (b–e)