Fig. 3 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 3

From: CHIKV mRNA vaccines encoding conserved structural/envelope proteins confer broad cross-lineage protection against infection

Fig. 3

Cellular immune response assessment. a–f Elispot experiments to enumerate specific spots indicating cytokine secretion by splenocytes stimulated with the E2 protein for IFN-γ (a), IL-2 (c), and IL-4 (e) and stimulated with the inactivated virus for IFN-γ (b), IL-2 (d), and IL-4 (f); g–j Flow cytometry analysis of the percentages of CD4+ T cells producing IL-2 (g), IL-4 (h), IFN-γ (i), and TNF-α (j); k–m The proportions of CD8+ T cells producing IL-2 (k), IFN-γ (l), and TNF-α (m). The data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 5 or 3). Statistical analysis was conducted using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test for bar graphs; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; ns not significant

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