Table 2 Registered clinical trials of mitochondria-targeted therapeutics in cancer treatment

From: Mitochondrial metabolism and cancer therapeutic innovation

ClinicalTrials.gov ID

Phase

Start date (year)

Status

Targeted functions

Drugs used

Combination of drugs

NCT05680662

Early Phase 1

2023

Unknown status

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Quercetin, EGCG, Zinc

NCT01981525

Phase 1

2014

Completed

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

 

NCT03311308

Phase 1

2018

Recruiting

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Pembrolizumab

NCT05136846

Phase 1

2021

Recruiting

ETC inhibitors

Papaverine

Carboplatin, Durvalumab

NCT05759312

Phase 1/2

2023

Unknown status

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Zimberelimab

NCT03709147

Phase 2

2018

Unknown status

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Metformin plus/minus Cyclic Fasting Mimicking diet (FMD)

NCT02874430

Phase 2

2016

Unknown status

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Doxycycline

NCT03675893

Phase 2

2018

Active, not recruiting

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Abemaciclib + Letrozole +/ − Metformin or Zotatifin

NCT04114136

Phase 2

2020

Recruiting

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Nivolumab or Pembrolizumab

NCT04945148

Phase 2

2024

Recruiting

ETC inhibitors

Metformin

Temozolomide

NCT03664115

Phase 2

2018

Unknown status

ETC inhibitors

Itraconazole

Chemotherapy

NCT02168140

Phase 1

2014

Completed

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Bendamustine Hydrochloride

NCT05325281

Phase 1

2022

Recruiting

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Gemcitabine/Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy

NCT02232152

Phase 1

2015

Completed

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Fluorouracil

NCT05070104

Phase 1

2023

Withdrawn

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Modified FOLFIRINOX + Bevacizumab

NCT02484391

Phase 1

2015

Completed

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Cytarabine

NCT04732065

Phase 1

2021

Recruiting

TCA cycle

ONC206

 

NCT02806817

Early Phase 1

2016

Completed

TCA cycle

ME-344

Bevacizumab

NCT06611839

Phase 1/2

2024

Not yet recruiting

TCA cycle

Ivosidenib

Venetoclax

NCT03699319

Phase 1/2

2018

Completed

TCA cycle

CPI-613

mFOLFIRINOX

NCT02472626

Phase 1/2

2015

Withdrawn

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Cytarabine + Daunorubicin Hydrochloride

NCT03394027

Phase 2

2018

Completed

TCA cycle

ONC201

 

NCT03374852

Phase 2

2017

Withdrawn

TCA cycle

CPI-613

Mfolfirnox

NCT02883036

Observational

2016

Unknown status

TCA cycle

Tigecycline

 

NCT04109820

Not Applicable

2020

Recruiting

Mitochondrial-targeting antioxidant

MitoQ

 

NCT05146843

Not Applicable

2021

Unknown status

Mitochondrial-targeting antioxidant

MitoQ

 

NCT04827810

Phase 1

2021

Suspended

Hsp90 inhibitor

Gamitrinib

 

NCT00773747

Phase 3

2008

Completed

Hsp90 inhibitor

Vorinostat (MK-0683)

Bortezomib

NCT05381909

Phase 1

2022

Active, not recruiting

Mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases

BGB-24714

Paclitaxel, Carboplatin

NCT04975204

Phase 1

2022

Unknown status

Mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases

TQB3909

 

NCT05775575

Phase 1/2

2023

Unknown status

Mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases

TQB3909

 

NCT00566410

Phase 1

2007

Completed

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor

Dichloroacetate (DCA)

 

NCT04122625

Phase 1/2

2019

Completed

Second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC)

Debio 1143

Nivolumab

NCT03270176

Phase 1

2017

Completed

Second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC)

Debio 1143

Avelumab

NCT02098161

Phase 2

2014

Completed

Second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC)

LCL161

 

NCT01955434

Phase 2

2013

Completed

Second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC)

LCL161

LCL161 alone or with cyclophosphamide

NCT04651634

Phase 2

2021

Active, not recruiting

Reactive oxygen species scavenger

MIT-001

 

NCT02071862

Phase 1

2014

Completed

Glutaminase inhibitor

CB-839

 

NCT02520011

Phase 2

2016

Terminated

Mitochondrial calcium uniporter

Mitoxantrone

Cytarabine, Alvocidib

NCT01965834

Phase 2

2012

Terminated

Fatty acid oxidation

Fenofibrate

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