Table 2 Mean (95% CI) summary measures of social, psychological and environmental factors, and percentage (95% CI) of participants reporting issues with individual social, psychological and environmental factors, by QoL subgroup.
Poor QoL (n = 192) | Neither (n = 379) | Good QoL (n = 947) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Summary measures (0–100): | SD | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) |
Nottwil Environmental Factor Inventory score | 22 | 48.9 (46,0, 51.8) | 39.8 (37.5, 42.0) | 28.0 (26,7, 29.4) |
Personal psychological factors sum score | 19 | 43.6 (41, 47) | 50.3 (48, 52) | 68.9 (67, 70) |
Social integration sum score (excludes work item) | 16 | 54.5 (52, 57) | 61.7 (60, 64) | 75.1 (74, 76) |
Perceived injustice sum score | 26 | 67.5 (64, 71) | 50.3 (48, 52) | 40.1 (38, 42) |
Summary measures (norms-based): | ||||
SF36 Vitality domain score | 12 | 31.5 (30.1, 32.9) | 37.4 (36.4, 38.3) | 46.4 (45.7, 47.1) |
SF36 Mental health domain score | 12 | 32.3 (30.5, 34.1) | 39.7 (38.6, 40.9) | 50.5 (49.9, 51.2) |
Individual issues: | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
Environmental barriers: | ||||
% reporting ‘made my life a lot harder’: | ||||
Access to homes | 44.4 (37, 52) | 27.3 (23, 32) | 16.4 (14, 19) | |
Climactic conditions | 37.9 (31, 45) | 20.1 (16, 25) | 12.1 (10, 15) | |
Financial problems | 35.1 (28, 43) | 23.5 (19, 29) | 8.4 (6, 11) | |
Access to public places | 29.3 (23, 37) | 16.3 (12, 21) | 10.9 (9, 14) | |
Insufficient state services | 27.0 (21, 34) | 16.1 (12, 21) | 5.9 (4, 8) | |
Lack of means to travel long distances | 25.8 (20, 33) | 18.9 (15, 24) | 10.0 (8, 13) | |
Lack of devices or technology to travel short distances | 16.9 (12, 23) | 6.9 (4.7, 10) | 3.5 (2, 5) | |
Societal attitudes | 16.8 (12, 23) | 10.0 (7, 14) | 2.9 (2, 5) | |
Attitudes of family and/or relatives | 13.1 (9, 19) | 5.6 (3.6, 9) | 1.3 (0.7, 3) | |
Attitudes of friends | 13.1 (9, 19) | 6.4 (4, 10) | 1.1 (0.5, 2) | |
Insufficient communication devices | 11.1 (7, 17) | 5.7 (3, 9) | 1.3 (0.7, 3) | |
Lack of nursing care or support services | 10.9 (7, 17) | 9.1 (6, 13) | 2.7 (1, 4) | |
Attitudes of others, e.g. neighbours, colleagues | 10.6 (6, 16) | 6.2 (4, 10) | 1.2 (0.6, 3) | |
Lack of medication, medical aids, supplies | 6.3 (3, 11) | 5.4 (3, 9) | 1.7 (1, 3) | |
Social integration: | ||||
% in agreement with statement: | ||||
Cooperative co-workers | 17.5 (10, 25) | 25.1 (20, 31) | 42.4 (38, 47) | |
Close to other local people | 28.2 (21, 35) | 31.7 (26, 37) | 55.2 (52, 59) | |
Control over own life | 39.2 (32, 47) | 61.4 (56, 67) | 89.2 (87, 92) | |
Little chance to show how capable you are | 48.1 (40, 56) | 27.3 (22, 32) | 16.7 (14, 20) | |
Treated with respect | 64.6 (57, 72) | 66.5 (61, 72) | 88.9 (86, 91) | |
Receive help and support from people close to you | 75.5 (69, 82) | 80.7 (76, 85) | 90.4 (88, 93) | |
Personal psychological factors: self-efficacy, optimism, autonomy, belonging: | ||||
% in agreement with statement: | ||||
Able to achieve dreams, hopes and wishes | 8.4 (4, 13) | 14.1 (10, 18) | 42.4 (39, 46) | |
Confident of maintaining good health | 22.2 (16, 29) | 30.6 (25, 36) | 62.0 (58, 66) | |
Worried about the future | 77.4 (71, 84) | 75.5 (71, 80) | 50.0 (46, 54) | |
Injury makes you stronger | 27.2 (20, 34) | 32.0 (27, 37) | 62.7 (59, 66) | |
Confident of dealing with unexpected events | 31.2 (24, 38) | 33.1 (28, 38) | 68.3 (65, 72) | |
Confident of overcoming opposition | 36.3 (29, 44) | 41.2 (36, 47) | 68.4 (65, 72) | |
Feel included when among other people | 38.7 (31, 46) | 43.7 (38, 49) | 76.7 (73, 80) | |
Confident of maintaining contact with important people | 50.3 (43, 58) | 59.1 (54, 65) | 86.1 (83, 89) | |
Control over major decisions | 51.3 (44, 59) | 64.4 (59, 70) | 83.2 (80, 86) | |
Personal psychological factors: perceived injustice: | ||||
% reporting applies most or all of the time: | ||||
I just want my life back | 81.3 (75, 87) | 68.8 (64, 74) | 38.3 (35, 42) | |
Most people don’t understand severity of condition | 76.5 (70, 83) | 66.9 (62, 72) | 54.8 (51, 58) | |
It all seems so unfair | 65.2 (58, 73) | 47.4 (42, 53) | 20.4 (17, 24) | |
Suffering due to someone else’s negligence | 36.2 (29, 44) | 26.7 (22, 32) | 15.1 (12, 18) |
