Fig. 1

Laminarin utilization of Formosa B. a SR-SIM of Formosa B cells before inoculation with FLA-laminarin at 5 and 30 min after incubation with FLA-laminarin. Images show cell staining by DAPI (left, blue), FLA-laminarin (middle, green), and an overlay showing both FLA-laminarin staining and DAPI (right). Scale bar = 1 µm b Growth curves of three biological replicates at 12 °C in modified HaHa_100V medium [21] with 2 g L⁻¹ laminarin or 2 g L⁻¹ glucose. The “control” culture contained only 0.1 g L⁻¹ peptone, 0.1 g L⁻¹ yeast extract, and 0.1 g L⁻¹ casamino acids but no additional carbon sources. c Expression profile and gene organization of the laminarin utilization PULs 1–3 in Formosa B. Relative protein abundances (in %riBAQ) of PUL-encoded proteins detected in the membrane protein fractions of each three independent cultures grown on laminarin (orange), glucose (blue), and chitin (control, gray) are shown (for riBAQ values see Supplementary Tables S2A and S3). Putative protein functions (e.g., GH3) and the respective locus tags (e.g., 10040) are indicated. The squares represent the mean values of the replicates for every protein and each substrate. The error bars refer to the standard error of the mean. Proteins that could be detected in at least two out of three independent biological replicates of each substrate condition are shown (for individual replicate numbers see Supplementary Table S2A). GH, glycoside hydrolase; PKD, PKD-domain containing protein; SusD, SusD-family protein; HP, hypothetical proteins; MFS, major facilitator superfamily; TBDR, TonB-dependent receptor