Fig. 6: Structural equation model (SEM) illustrating how the N and P inputs influenced the gene composition for microbial P-transformation by changing soil pH and N:P stoichiometry.

Solid and dashed arrows represent the significant and nonsignificant relationships between different variables. Adjacent values near the arrows indicate path coefficients. r2 values indicate the proportion of variance explained by each variable. Significance levels are denoted with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.