Fig. 3: Phylogeny of Caribbean sponge species. To the right of the phylogeny, columns of circles represent the mean values of stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C), chlorophyll a, elemental measurements (%N, %C, and C:N), and microbiome diversity (ASV richness, Shannon index, and inverse Simpson’s index) from all sites in the Caribbean where that species was collected.

The size of the circle is proportional to the value of the particular metric. Taxonomic groups (to subclass) are shown for reference. The phylosignal function of the R package picante was used to test whether each trait displayed a significant phylogenetic signal. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.