Fig. 4: Vitamin B₁₂ influence on development is conserved in various nematodes.

a Corpse assays of P. pacificus wild-type (PS312) and mutant animals defective in vitamin B₁₂-dependent pathways Ppa-metr-1 and Ppa-mce-1 fed with E. coli OP50 supplemented with/without 500 nM vitamin B₁₂. b Corpse assays of PS312 and Ppa-metr-1 fed with E. coli OP50 supplemented with/without 10 mM methionine. N = 10 replicates for each assay. c, d Comparative volume measurement of C. elegans, P. pacificus, Parastrongyloides trichosuri, Rhabditophanes sp., Steinernema carpocapsae and Allodiplogaster sudhausi after growing on bacterial plates supplemented or not-supplemented with vitamin B₁₂. N = 60 for each assay. The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae can only be cultured using the specific symbiontic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila.