Fig. 1: Sampling locations.

a Sites located along the Choptank River in the Chesapeake Bay following a salinity gradient over 12.5 km (Site A = ~0.7 ppt, Site B = ~1.2 ppt, and Site C = ~3 ppt). b Example of contiguous stand of native (left, shorter) and invasive (right, taller) P. australis in Site B.