Table 1 Site and root morphology characteristics of native and invasive Phragmites stands. Different letters indicate significant mean differences (p < 0.05).

From: Dark septate endophyte improves salt tolerance of native and invasive lineages of Phragmites australis

Site and P. australis lineage

Site A

Site B

Site C

Invasive

Native

Invasive

Native

Invasive

Native

Average salinity (ppt)

0.7 ± 0.2

0.7 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.2

3 ± 0.6

3 ± 0.6

pH

6bc

5.7c

6.5a

6.3ab

6.5a

6.7a

%SOM

32.9a

31.1a

20.8b

15.9d

25.7c

21.0b

%C

16.7a

16.5a

7.9b

10.6c

10.9c

12.9d

%N

1.2a

1.3b

0.6c

0.8d

0.8e

0.9 f

Lateral root density

29.7a

13.7a

29.3a

21a

18a

27.5a

Lateral root length (cm)

5.4ab

5.9ab

4.3b

6.1a

4.1b

5.2ab

Root hair density

45.8a

9.1b

24.3b

25.3b

24.3b

13.2b