Table 1 General characteristics of included studies.
Study | Author | Year | Country | Ethnicity | Study design | SNP | Statin types | Duration on statin therapy | Population disease | Mean age in case/control, year (SD) | % Males in case/control | Type of case |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bai et al. [47] | 2018 | China | Asian | Cohort | rs2306283 rs4149056 | Rosuvastatin | 6 months | Coronary artery disease | 61 (10.93)/63 (10.33) | 71/76 | Muscle symptom and CK elevation >4 times ULN |
2 | Willrich et al. [38] | 2018 | USA | Caucasian | Case-control | rs2306283 rs4149056 | Various statins | N/A | Hyperlipidemia | 66 (9.4)/66 (10.2) | 57/57 | Muscle symptom or elevation of CK activitya |
3 | Bakar et al. [39] | 2017 | UK | Caucasian | Cohort | rs4149056 | Various statins Simvastatin (86%) | 6 months | Cardiovascular disease | 60 (1.1)/61 (0.58) | 42/56 | Muscle symptom and CK elevation >4–10 times ULNb |
4 | Liu et al. [49] | 2017 | China | Asian | Case-control | rs2306283 | Various statins | 6 months | Coronary artery disease | 61 (10.81)/63 (10.72) | 82/83 | Muscle symptom or CK elevation >10 times ULN |
5 | Khine et al. [46] | 2016 | USA | Mixed ethnicity | Cohort | rs4149056 | Various statins | 3 months | Hypercholesterolemia | 57 (3.5)/54 (4) | 65/57 | Muscle symptoms |
6 | Sai et al. [48] | 2016 | Japan | Asian | Case-control | rs4149056 | Various statins | N/A | Patients with statin therapy | 68 (9.9)/N/A | 58/N/A | Muscle symptom with CK elevation >3–10 times ULN |
7 | Mirošević Skvrce et al. [40] | 2015 | Croatia | Caucasian | Case-control | rs2306283 rs4149056 | Atorvastatin | N/A | Patients with atorvastatin therapy | 56 (4.5)/60 (4.25) | 50/50 | Muscle symptom or CK elevation >4–10 times ULN |
8 | Ferrari et al. [41] | 2014 | Italy | Caucasian | Case-control | rs2306283 rs4149056 | Various statins | N/A | Patients with statin therapy | 62 (9.9)/61 (9.9) | 39/39 | CK elevation >3 times ULN |
9 | Carr et al. [26] | 2013 | UK | Caucasian | Case-control | rs4149056 | Various statins | 12 months | Patients with statin therapy | 70 (10.4)/71 (8.7) | 71/64 | CK elevation >4 times ULN |
10 | Brunham et al. [42] | 2012 | The Netherlands | Caucasian | Case-control | rs4149056 | Various statins | N/A | Patients with statin therapy | 53 (13)/57 (12) | 78/73 | CK elevation >10 times ULN |
11 | Donnelly et al. [17] | 2011 | UK | Caucasian | Cohort | rs2306283 rs4149056 | Various statins (simvastatin 61%) | 12 months | Patients with statin therapy | 64 (10.6)/N/A | 51/N/A | CK elevation >1–3 times ULN |
12 | Marciante et al. [43] | 2011 | USA | Caucasian | Case-control | rs4149056 | Cerevastatin | N/A | Patients with cerevastatin therapy | 64 (10.6)/74 (4.1) | 39/45 | Muscle pain or weakness with CK elevation >10 times ULN |
13 | Linde et al. [44] | 2010 | USA | Caucasian | Cohort | rs4149056 | Various statins | N/A | Patients with statin therapy | 59 (10)/59 (13.8) | 54/64 | Muscle pain or weakness |
14 | Voora et al. [45] | 2009 | USA | Caucasian | RCT | rs4149056 | Various statins | 4 months | Hyperlipidemia | 58 (10)/56 (11) | 33/50 | Muscle symptom or CK elevation >3 times ULN |
15 | Link et al. [18] | 2008 | UK | Caucasian | RCT | rs4149056 | Simvastatin | 12 months | Myocardial infarction | 67 (9)/N/A | 73/83 | Muscle symptom and CK elevation >3–10 times ULN |
