Table 1 Response (the number of participants that achieved at least a 50% reduction in symptoms compared with baseline) and remission rates at each time for each assessment and each time point

From: Double-blind, randomized pilot clinical trial targeting alpha oscillations with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD)

 

MADRS, n (%)

HDRS, n (%)

BDI, n (%)

 

Response

Remission

Response

Remission

Response

Remission

Day 5

10 Hz-tACS (n = 10)

2 (20.0)

1 (10.0)

2 (20.0)

2 (20.0)

4 (40.0)

2 (20.0)

40 Hz-tACS (n = 10)

4 (40.0)

3 (30.0)

2 (20.0)

4 (40.0)

2 (20.0)

5 (50.0)

Sham (n = 10)

2 (20.0)

2 (20.0)

3 (30.0)

3 (30.0)

2 (20.0)

3 (30.0)

χ 2

1.364

1.25

0.373

0.953

1.364

2.100

df

2

2

2

2

2

2

p

0.506

0.535

0.83

0.621

0.506

0.350

2-Week follow-up

10 Hz-tACS (n = 9)

7 (77.8)

1 (11.1)

7 (77.8)

4 (44.4)

4 (44.4)

5 (55.6)

40 Hz-tACS (n = 10)

3 (30.0)

3 (30.0)

3 (30.0)

3 (30.0)

3 (30.0)

4 (40.0)

Sham (n = 10)

2 (20.0)

2 (20.0)

2 (20.0)

4 (40.0)

4 (40.0)

4 (40.0)

χ 2

7.334

1.034

7.334

0.448

0.448

0.607

df

2

2

2

2

2

2

p

0.026*

0.596

0.026*

0.800

0.800

0.738

4-Week follow-up

10 Hz-tACS (n = 9)

5 (55.6)

3 (33.3)

5 (55.5)

4 (44.4)

7 (77.8)

7 (77.8)

40 Hz-tACS (n = 10)

5 (50.0)

6 (60.0)

6 (60.0)

5 (50.0)

5 (50.0)

5 (50.0)

Sham (n = 9)

3 (33.3)

3 (33.3)

4 (44.4)

6 (66.7)

6 (66.7)

6 (66.7)

χ 2

0.973

1.867

0.482

0.973

1.625

1.625

df

2

2

2

2

2

2

p

0.615

0.393

0.786

0.615

0.444

0.444

  1. Note that the MADRS and HDRS assess symptoms from the past week, whereas BDI assesses symptoms from the past 2 weeks. Each clinical assessment has different requirements for remission: remission for the MADRS is 9 or less, remission for the HDRS is 7 or less, and remission for the BDI is 12 or less. + denotes p < 0.10 and * denotes p < 0.05
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