Table 1 Top-ranked small molecules identified from SPIED/CMAP analysis of lithium-responsive astrocyte genes that are predicted to be associated with (A) astrocytes, (B) bipolar disorder (BD), (C) schizophrenia and (D) Alzheimer’s diseases (AD)

From: Astrocytes are direct cellular targets of lithium treatment: novel roles for lysyl oxidase and peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-γ as astroglial targets of lithium

Compound

Correl

Significance

Actions

(A) ‘Astrocyte-modifying’ agents

Pioglitazone

0.47

4.83

PPAR-gamma

MG-262

0.33

4.66

Proteasome inhibitor

Semustine

0.35

4.44

Antineoplastic

15-delta Prostaglandin J2

0.3

4.31

PPAR-gamma

Econazole

0.39

4.23

Antifungal

Lomustine

0.33

4.19

Antineoplastic

Gossypol

0.34

4.13

Antineoplastic

Acacetin

0.41

4.04

Flavonoid

Parthenolide

0.32

4.03

Anti-inflammatory

Puromycin

0.31

3.98

Anti-neoplastic

(B) ‘BD-modifying’ agents

Betulin

0.99

4.59

PPAR-gamma

Esculetin

0.96

3.27

Antineoplastic

Rottlerin

0.82

2.82

Antineoplastic

Gliquidone

0.87

2.68

PPAR-gamma

(+/−)-Catechin

0.96

2.67

Flavonoid

Butoconazole

0.99

2.58

Antifungal

Tiaprofenic acid

0.85

2.52

Antiinflammatory

15-delta Prostaglandin J2

0.79

2.41

PPARg

Celecoxib

0.98

2.32

Anti-inflammatory

Isradipine

0.82

2.31

Calcium channel blocker

(C) ‘Schizophrenia-modifying’ agents

2,6-dimethylpiperidine

0.96

4.35

Anti-convulsant

Doxycycline

0.86

4.08

Antibiotic

Chlorprothixene

0.86

3.47

Antipsychotic

Sulpiride

0.79

3.39

Antipsychotic

W-13

0.6

3.33

Anti-calmodulin agent

Hycanthone

0.59

3.31

Anti-schistosomal

Lansoprazole

0.87

3.28

Proton pump inhibitor

Ethacrynic Acid

0.58

3.1

Loop diuretic

15-delta Prostaglandin J2

0.47

2.92

PPAR-gamma

Pregnenolone

0.62

2.91

Neuro-steroid

(D) ‘AD-modifying’ agents

Edrophonium Chloride

0.77

3.21

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Oxybutynin

0.62

3.19

Anti-cholinergic

Metampicillin

0.55

3.02

Penicillin antibiotic

Quercetin

0.8

2.87

Flavonoid

Gossypol

0.61

2.75

Dehydrogenase inhibitor

Cephaeline

0.42

2.71

Emetic

Megestrol

0.69

2.68

Appetite stimulant

Captopril

0.96

2.68

ACE Inhibitor

Sulfamonomethoxine

0.49

2.64

Anti-bacterial

Spiperone

0.55

2.6

Antipsychotic

  1. Small molecules are ranked according to the largest numbers of ‘target’ or ‘perturbed’ genes. Agents in bold are common to multiple datasets, notably flavonoids and drugs acting on PPAR-γ
Back to article page