Table 2 Demographic characteristics, seropositivity, and IgG titer levels of HSV-1, HSV-2, CMV, EBV, and TG in bipolar disorder patients and matched first-degree relatives.
From: The association between antibodies to neurotropic pathogens and bipolar disorder
Patients (N = 144) | Matched first-degree family members (n = 144) | p valuea | p value pairwiseb | p value adjustedc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age (SD) in years | 48.05 (12.75) | 54.14 (15.35) | p = 0.000 | ||
Range | 23–79 | 18–88 | |||
Gender M/F (% males) | 49/95 (34.0) | 45/99 (31.25) | p = 0.615 | ||
Diagnosis | BD type I 143 | Anxiety disorder 9 | |||
BD type II 1 | Depression 30 | ||||
Psychotic disorder 1 | |||||
Other disorders* 13 | |||||
No disorder 92 | |||||
Mean duration of illness in years | 18.0 (11.6) | ||||
Range | 1–51 | ||||
Seropositivity positive/negative cases (% positive cases) | |||||
HSV-1 | 62/82 (43.0%) | 72/72 (50.0%) | p = 0.237 | p = 0.468 | p = 0.669 |
HSV-2 | 12/132 (8.3%) | 6/138 (4.2%) | p = 0.144 | p < 0.001 | p = 0.152 |
CMV | 55/89 (38.2%) | 68/76 (47.2%) | p = 0.121 | p = 0.110 | p = 0.319 |
EBV | 79/65 (54.9%) | 77/67 (53.5%) | p = 0.813 | p = 0.356 | p = 0.678 |
TG | 44/100 (30.5%) | 64/80 (44.4%) | p = 0.015 | p = 0.006 | p = 0.266 |
Median levels (interquartile range) | |||||
HSV-1 IgG | 30.75 (27.09) | 33.72 (24.15) | p = 0.386 | p = 0.184 | p = 0.091 |
HSV-2 IgG | 33.10 (32.15) | 20.47 (11.96) | p = 0.131 | NA | p = 0.043 |
CMV IgG | 45.53 (26.56) | 51.05 (22.96) | p = 0.314 | p = 0.228 | p = 0.636 |
EBV IgG | 15.78 (5.41) | 16.13 (5.28) | p = 0.337 | p = 0.771 | p = 0.803 |
TG IgG | 212.97 (182.76) | 190.06 (204.03) | p = 0.845 | p = 0.426 | p = 0.726 |
