Fig. 2: NCAM-1 regulates aversive long-term memory.

a Chemotaxis of wild-type or mutant worms was assayed towards 0.1% diacetyl, benzaldehyde, or isoamyl-alcohol volatile chemoattractant, and 0.1% octanol as repellent. Chemotaxis index was calculated as CI= (worms at the attractant spot-worms at the solvent spot)/total number of worms. b, c Conditioned wild-type and ncam-1(lf) mutant worms were tested for their preference towards diacetyl immediately after conditioning (conditioned), after a 1 h (1 h delay), or after a 24 h delay (24 h delay). d, e LTAM DA conditioning of wild-type ncam-1(lf) worms carrying C. elegans genomic ncam-1 locus (d) or human NCAM1 cDNA (e) to DA, immediately (conditioned) or following 24-h recovery in the absence of DA (24 h delay). f LTAM conditioning of RNAi-hypersensitive worms treated with ncam-1 or control gfp RNAi from early L3 until adulthood. Worms were assayed toward DA without (naive), immediately (conditioned) or 24 h following DA conditioning (24 h delay). All experiments were done in triplicate and repeated at least three times. Box plots showing the 10th and 90th percentiles are presented for each condition and genotype. Statistical significance was assessed with two-way ANOVA and post hoc t tests between groups as indicated (Bonferroni's adjusted p values are reported).