Table 1 Sex-stratified sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents enrolled in the PHIME cohort who were selected into the current study (n = 188).

From: Sex-specific associations between co-exposure to multiple metals and visuospatial learning in early adolescence

Characteristic

Girls

(n = 88)

Mean ± SD or %

Boys

(n = 100)

Mean ± SD or %

p*

Age (years)

12.1 ± 0.9

12.1 ± 0.8

0.51

SES

 Low

46.6%

62%

Ref

 Medium

27.3%

16%

0.02*

 High

26.1%

22%

0.16

Daily frequency of playing video games

 Do not play

12.5%

2%

Ref

 Rarely play

26.1%

20%

0.06

 <1 h/day

44.3%

50%

0.01*

 <2 h/day

12.5%

21%

0.01*

 <3 h/day

3.4%

6%

0.03*

 >3 h/day

1.1%

1%

0.38

IQ

107.4 ± 13.6

107.1 ± 12.6

0.86

  1. Differences between boys and girls in the distribution of variables were tested using logistic regression.
  2. SES socioeconomic status, IQ intelligence quotient, measured using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 3rd edition (WISC-III).
  3. *p < 0.05.
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