Table 1 Candidate genes of ASD based on TADA.

From: Genetic evidence of gender difference in autism spectrum disorder supports the female-protective effect

Class

Female-specific candidates (n = 23)

Male-specific candidates (n = 91)

Shared candidates (n = 60)

FDR < 0.001 (n = 17)

–

KDM5B

CHD8, SCN2A, SYNGAP1, ARID1B, PTEN, DYRK1A, ADNP, SLC6A1, SUV420H1, ANK2, SHANK3, TBR1, DSCAM, POGZ, CHD2, ITSN1

0.001 < FDR < 0.01 (n = 9)

–

SLC25A46, RANBP17, ASH1L

DNMT3A, GRIN2B, WDFY3, PRKAR1B, STXBP1, ASXL3

0.01 < FDR < 0.05 (n = 39)

AZGP1, ILF2, WAC, DDX3X, KIF11, UNC5B, SARM1, CALU

TDRD9, ASB14, TAF6, SET, PBX1, NUDT17, HYKK, APOA1BP, BSDC1, ZWILCH, USP45, SPAST, PPAN, PPAN-P2RY11, FOXP1, ZNF213, KMT2A, KDM6B, STXBP5L, LMTK3, CACNA2D3, SLC12A6, UBN2

NFE2L3, KATNAL2, SCN1A, TCF7L2, CNOT3, NCKAP1, KMT2C, RELN

0.05 < FDR < 0.1 (n = 42)

TCF4, DUS1L, GALNT18, RFX7, KIAA0100, PLXNB1, SRRM2

PHF2, DHX57, GIGYF1, PM20D1, RAI1, CSAD, TNC, SETBP1, KMT2E, OR10Z1, LRRK2, RIMS1, TNRC6B, RNF146, SHANK2, ZC3H4, PYHIN1, NXPE4, SLC4A9, LAMA3, TMEM39B, GLTSCR2

MYO1E, TRRAP, BCL11A, POM121, SMARCC2, MYT1L, OR8U1, KIF21A, PAPOLG, OR8U8, C18orf54, TBL1XR1, NLGN1

0.1 < FDR < 0.2 (n = 67)

RPS9, COL4A3BP, RASGRP3, RIPK1, GSAP, CBL, KCND3, MYPN

DIP2A, GABRB3, CDC23, TCF3, TSC2, CCIN, CCNT2, FBXO11, TLK2, CNGB3, UBE3C, ZC3H11A, NUAK1, LRRC4, RPH3A, MSH2, MYH10, SKI, DPP3, PSD3, RAPGEF4, TGM1, ERBB2IP, MTUS1, ATP1A1, GIGYF2, RBM19, RBP7, BRIP1, IRF2BPL, CASZ1, DENND5A, NUDCD2, FBXO18, SPAG9, SRGAP2B, KIAA0195, OR6C76, PRPF8, CHMP1A, PTK7, S100G

BTAF1, BRF1, FAM8A1, ACHE, OXR1, TSPYL1, MED13, TRIP12, AMPD1, CTNNB1, PLCD4, CTCF, GRIA2, SH2B1, CEP120, GRIK1, TPK1

  1. Candidate genes with FDR < 0.2 were classified into three subclasses: (1) female-specific genes: genes with putative functional DNMs only in female patients; (2) male-specific genes: genes with putative functional DNMs only in male samples; (3) shared genes: genes with putative functional DNMs both in female and male patients
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