Fig. 2: Interaction effect of diagnosis × BDNF rs6265 (corrected P < 0.05).

There are significant BDNF genotype × diagnosis interaction effects in the right MFG and marginally significant interaction in the right hippocampus. At the MFG, in PTSD adults, the BDNF Val/Val genotype is associated with weaker DC than its Met carrier counterpart (P < 0.001). At the hippocampus, in PTSD adults, the BDNF Val/Val genotype is associated with higher DC than its Met carrier counterpart (P < 0.001), whereas in trauma-exposed controls the opposite occurs (P = 0.046). BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, COMT catechol-O-methyltransferase, PTSD posttraumatic stress disorder, SVC small-volume correction.